NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

Who is associated with the development of operant conditioning?

1. Albert Bandura

2. B.F. Skinner

3. Carl Rogers

4. Jean Piaget

The correct answer is: B.F. Skinner

B.F. Skinner is the individual associated with the development of operant conditioning, which is a foundational concept in behavioral psychology. His work focused on how behaviors can be shaped through reinforcement and punishment, emphasizing the role of external stimuli in influencing behavior. Skinner conducted experiments with animals, such as rats and pigeons, to demonstrate how behaviors could be modified by consistent reinforcement, leading to an increase in desired behaviors and a decrease in undesired ones. This concept is essential in understanding how learning occurs through the consequences of actions, which is critical for educators and those involved in behavior modification practices. Skinner's research has had a lasting impact on fields such as psychology, education, and even animal training, as it provides techniques to encourage positive behaviors and discourage negative ones in various settings. The other figures mentioned also made significant contributions to psychology but are not specifically linked to operant conditioning; Bandura is known for his social learning theory, Rogers for humanistic psychology, and Piaget for cognitive development.