NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

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Which theorist is known for concepts related to language proficiency?

Lev Vygotsky
Jims Cummins
Noam Chomsky
Stephen Krashen

The correct answer is: Jims Cummins

The theorist known for concepts related to language proficiency is often considered to be Jim Cummins. His work is particularly influential in the field of bilingual education and second language acquisition. Cummins introduced the concepts of Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills (BICS) and Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP), which differentiate between the everyday language skills needed for social interactions and the more complex language skills required for academic achievement. His focus on the distinction between these two types of language proficiency helps educators understand the challenges faced by learners acquiring a new language. This framework emphasizes that students may be able to communicate socially but may still struggle with the academic language necessary for success in school settings. Thus, Cummins' theories provide valuable insight into the different dimensions of language proficiency and underscore the importance of supporting learners in both areas to ensure their overall academic success.