NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

What term refers to a group of words whose meaning is not derived from its individual words?

1. Phrase

2. Idiom

3. Proverb

4. Aphorism

The correct answer is: Idiom

The term that refers to a group of words whose meaning is not derived from its individual words is "idiom." Idioms are expressions that have a figurative meaning understood within a particular language or cultural context, distinct from the literal meanings of the words that comprise them. For example, the phrase "kick the bucket" means to die, which does not relate to the literal meanings of "kick" or "bucket." Recognizing idioms is important in language learning because they often present challenges for learners who might interpret the components of the expression rather than understanding the idiomatic meaning as a whole. Understanding why other terms do not fit this definition can provide clarity. A phrase is simply a group of words that form a meaningful unit, but its meaning can often be discerned from its individual parts. Proverbs typically convey general truths or advice and are meant to be interpreted literally. Similarly, an aphorism is a concise statement that expresses a general truth or principle, and it does not rely on figurative language in the same way idioms do.