NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

What is the primary focus of the Behaviorist Theory in language acquisition?

1. Innate language ability

2. Social interaction

3. Conditioning and reward systems

4. Cognitive development

The correct answer is: Conditioning and reward systems

The primary focus of Behaviorist Theory in language acquisition lies in the concepts of conditioning and reward systems. This theory posits that language learning occurs through a process of stimulus-response interactions, where learners are conditioned to associate words with meanings through repetition and reinforcement. For example, when a child correctly uses a word and receives praise or encouragement, this positive reinforcement increases the likelihood of the child using that word in the future. Behaviorism emphasizes observable behaviors and external stimuli rather than internal thought processes or innate abilities. It prioritizes the role of the environment and the influence of social interactions in language learning, suggesting that language is acquired mainly through imitation, practice, and feedback from others. This contrasts with other theories that may focus on cognitive development or the inherent capacities of the learner.