NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

What does the term 'intonation' refer to in speech?

1. The use of morphemes

2. The grammatical structure of sentences

3. The rise and fall of the voice

4. The emphasis on certain words

The correct answer is: The rise and fall of the voice

The term 'intonation' specifically refers to the rise and fall of the voice in speech. This aspect of speaking is crucial for conveying meaning, emotion, and the overall intent behind a message. Intonation can change the interpretation of sentences; for instance, a rising intonation at the end of a sentence may indicate a question, while a falling intonation can suggest a statement or command. Understanding and using appropriate intonation patterns is vital for learners of a language as it affects their comprehension and how they are perceived by others. The other options relate to different linguistic elements: the use of morphemes pertains to the structure of words, the grammatical structure of sentences focuses on syntax, and emphasis on certain words relates to stress. While these are all important components of language, they do not capture the specific meaning of 'intonation' as it relates to vocal modulation during speech.