NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

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What does linguistic relativism imply about language and thought?

Language exclusively dictates actions
Language moderately influences human thoughts and actions
Thought is entirely independent of language
All languages are structured similarly

The correct answer is: Language moderately influences human thoughts and actions

Linguistic relativism suggests that the way individuals think is influenced by the structure and vocabulary of their language. This idea posits that language does not force specific thoughts but rather shapes or guides the ways in which people conceptualize their experiences. Therefore, option B accurately captures the essence of linguistic relativism by indicating that while language has a significant influence on thought and action, it is not an absolute determinant. The other options misinterpret the relationship between language and thought. The notion that language dictates actions overlooks the complexity of human cognition and choice. Claiming that thought is entirely independent of language ignores the research that shows how language can frame and influence our understanding of the world. Additionally, asserting that all languages are structured similarly does not reflect the diversity of linguistic systems and the unique ways they can affect perception and thought.