NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

What does instrumental motivation refer to in the context of language learning?

1. Learning a language for personal enjoyment

2. Acquiring a language for travel purposes

3. Learning a language for job opportunities

4. Learning a language to integrate into a community

The correct answer is: Learning a language for job opportunities

Instrumental motivation in language learning refers to the drive to learn a language for practical benefits, such as enhancing career prospects or job opportunities. This type of motivation is rooted in the tangible gains that come from mastering a language, like accessing better employment options, promotions, or fulfilling professional requirements. Individuals who are instrumentally motivated might focus on the skills and vocabulary necessary to succeed in a specific job market or to communicate effectively in a professional setting, making this learning goal very targeted and goal-oriented. This contrasts with other types of motivation, such as learning for personal enjoyment, travel purposes, or community integration, which are more intrinsic or social in nature. Such motivations emphasize pleasure, cultural experiences, or social belonging rather than the concrete advantages associated with career advancement.