NYSTCE English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Practice Test

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What does cognitive dissonance theory describe?

Emotional instability caused by external events
A state of conflict resulting from contradictory beliefs
A method for improving learning outcomes
A framework for understanding emotional responses

The correct answer is: A state of conflict resulting from contradictory beliefs

Cognitive dissonance theory describes a state of conflict that arises when an individual holds two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or attitudes simultaneously. This internal conflict can lead to discomfort and tension, which individuals strive to resolve. They might do this by changing their beliefs, rationalizing or reframing the situation, or altering their behaviors to achieve consistency. This concept is significant in understanding human behavior, as it explains why people might change their attitudes or beliefs when faced with conflicting information. The theory emphasizes the importance of cognitive harmony in shaping individuals' choices and the actions they take to reduce the dissonance they feel. Addressing cognitive dissonance is crucial for psychological well-being and decision-making processes, as it drives people to seek consistency in their thoughts and actions.